Friday, November 26, 2010

Konstantin Alekseevich Kalinin

M
ilitary pilot since 1916, K.A.Kalinin joined the Moscow Aviation Technicum (College) June 1, 1920.
October 1920 - passed to the second 'course' ahead of schedule. Unlike now in the USA, educational institutions in Russia/USSR have solid schedule of classes. To jump from one 'course' to another is possible only for the most determined, strong and lucky students.
March 1921 - head of scientific-technical section of the IVF;
In 1922 (first waves of purges, yet soft) was suspended for one year, as an intelligent (why not?) who participated in Ukrainian nationalistic Petlura movement (Petlurovschina) and did not prove himself as a Party (Communist one of course) activist.
June 1922 - S.V.Ilyushin submitted petition in his support. S.V.Ilyushin was a member of the IVF Party organization, so it was quite safe for him.
November 11 - expelled from the IVF for missing some tests;
Since 1925 - one of the most prominent Soviet aircraft designers. He worked mostly at Ukraina (Kharkiv), where he was able to pick the brightest graduates of the Kharkov Aviation Institute (KhAI), like I.G.Neman, Z.I.Itskovich, A.Ya.Scherbakov, V.Ya.Krylov and others.
Airplanes of his design shared several common features:
  • they were monoplanes;

  • wing and tail plane - elliptical;

  • fuselage - wielded steel tubes frame;

  • wing structure - mostly wood;

  • cover - fabric;

  • Taking into account historical period, those were materials of choice. Kalinin's passenger aircraft were cheap and very easy to maintain. Plus they were more economical than any other domestic and foreign civil aircraft. No wonder, that they were widely used.
    Military aircraft built by K.A.Kalinin were all of unique design. He had courage to get involved with advanced project, but had no chance to bring them to mass production. And it was not necessarily his fall.

    Tuesday, November 23, 2010

    Russia to Launch Unmanned Lander on Martian Moon





















    The Phobos-Grunt spacecraft will be sent to the surface of Phobos and return to the Earth with soil samples.
    By Robotics Trends Staff - Filed Nov 22, 2010

    The test launch of the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft was originally scheduled for 2009, but postponed due to technical reasons.

     
      Speaking in Moscow, the head of Russia’s Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Anatoly Perminov, said the launch of an unmanned lander to Phobos, one of the moons of Mars, is scheduled for October 2011.
    The Phobos-Grunt spacecraft will be sent to the surface of Phobos, and then return to the Earth with soil samples.
    A Chinese micro-satellite YH-1, the country’s first Mars probe, will also be carried by the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft to the Martian orbit, the Itar-Tass news agency reported.
    The Chinese deep space research probe will start a Mars research program, including studying the mechanism of water evaporation on the planet.
    Also, Phobos-Grunt will carry seeds and particular species of bacteria, fungi, maxillopoda, fish, and chironomids in the mission, which will help resolve the problem of planetary quarantine.
    The test launch of the Phobos-Grunt spacecraft was originally scheduled for 2009, but postponed due to technical reasons.
    The Mars mission is expected to last about 330 days.
    Source: Xinhua

    Friday, November 19, 2010

    MOBILITY AND ROBOTIC SYSTEMS

    copyright by nasa
    underline
    Section 347
    Richard Volpe, Manager Gabriel Udomkesmalee, Deputy Manager
    Slideshow image Right Shadow
    Bottom Shadow
    LEMUR Rovers: LEMUR IIa
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    Welcome to the JPL Robotics website! Here you'll find detailed descriptions of the activities of the Mobility and Robotic Systems Section, as well as related robotics efforts around the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. We are approximately 100 engineers working on all aspects of robotics for space exploration and related terrestrial applications. We write autonomy software that drives rovers on Mars, and operations software to monitor and control them from Earth. We do the same for their instrument-placement and sampling arms, and are developing new systems with many limbs for walking and climbing. To achieve mobility off the surface, we are creating prototypes of airships to fly through the atmospheres of Titan and Venus, and drills and probes to go underground on Mars and Europa. To enable all of these robots to interact with their surroundings, we make them see with cameras and measure their environments with other sensors. Based on these measurements, the robots control themselves with algorithms also developed by our research teams. We capture the control-and-sensor-processing software in unifying frameworks, which enable reuse and transfer among our projects. In the course of developing this technology, we build real end-to-end systems as well as high-fidelity simulations of how the robots will work on worlds we are planning to visit.
    Please use the menu at left to navigate to the view of our work that is most important to you. Our application domains are described in general terms, and then specifically in the context of flight projects and research tasks. Personnel are described in terms of the groups that constitute the section, as well as the people who constitute the groups. Most of our major robot systems are described, as are the laboratory facilities in which they are developed and exercised. For more detailed information, our publications may be accessed through a search engine, or more recent news may be browsed. Finally, to provide context to our current work, our charter is documented, the history of JPL robotics is described, and links to other related work are provided.

    Tuesday, October 12, 2010

    NASA Selects High Schools to Compete in New Challenge

    Winning Software Designs Will Program Satellites on the International Space Station

    Zero-Robotics 2010 Spheres Challenge SPHERES are bowling ball-sized spherical satellites used to test maneuvers for spacecraft performing autonomous rendezvous and docking. Three of these satellites fly inside the station's cabin. Each is self-contained with power, propulsion, computing and navigation equipment. WASHINGTON -- NASA and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Mass., have selected 24 high schools to participate in a new science, technology, engineering, and math education program. The teams will design software to program small satellites aboard the International Space Station.  

    The Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, and Reorient Experimental Satellites, or SPHERES, are three volley ball-sized spherical satellites that fly inside the space station’s cabin to test advanced maneuvers for spacecraft, like formation flying and autonomous rendezvous and docking. Each contains its own power, propulsion, computing, and navigation equipment.

    The selections are part of the Zero-Robotics investigation, which is run by MIT and designed to inspire future scientists and engineers. Students write their own algorithms to solve a problem important to future missions. This year’s pilot program, "HelioSPHERES," allows selected high schools to compete against each other and helps students build critical engineering skills, such as problem solving, design thought process, operations training, teamwork and presentation skills.

    The competition was open to all accredited high schools in the United States and attracted 48 applications. The 24 high schools are from 19 states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and Washington.
    Complete 2010 School list
    Mesa Acad. for Advanced Studies/Mesa School District AZ
    Bellarmine College Preparatory CA
    Jame Monroe High School Engineering and Design Academy CA
    Warren Tech / Jeffco Schools CO
    John A. Ferguson Sr. High/Miami-Dade County Public Schools FL
    Naples High School FL
    Columbus High School / Muscogee County GA
    Boundary County School District 101 ID
    Post Falls High School ID
    Glenbrook North IL
    Northeast Magnet HS USD259 KS
    LCA MA
    Tri County Regional Vocational Technical High School MA
    Falmouth High School / Falmouth Maine ME
    Detroit SEMAA MI
    Academy / Omaha NE
    Storming Robots NJ
    Stuyvesant High School NY
    Upper St. Clair School District PA
    Friendswood High School TX
    Cyprus High School/ Granite School District UT
    Charlottesville High School VA
    Prince William County School System VA
    Kamiak High School WA

    The 24 teams will compete in elimination rounds against each other using online simulations and ground-based testing at MIT. The software of the top 10 winners will be sent to the station, and an astronaut aboard the orbiting laboratory will program the SPHERES satellites to run the students' tests.

    MIT's Space Systems Laboratory developed the SPHERES program to provide the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, NASA and other researchers with a long-term test bed for validating technologies critical to the operation of future satellites, docking missions and satellite autonomous maneuvers.

    SPHERES have been used by many organizations, including other government agencies and graduate student research groups, since the program began in 2006. The satellites provide opportunities to test a wide range of hardware and software at an affordable cost.

    For additional information on NASA and MIT's Zero-Robotics program, visit:
    For more information on the Zero-Robotics "HelioSPHERES" competition, selection process, and upcoming activities, visit:

    College Students Help Develop Small Satellite with Big Plans



    › Download video


    Satellites are big. They cost a lot of money. At least that's the impression a couple of University of Maryland-College Park students had when they applied for an internship to help construct a satellite instrument with scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. As the pair quickly discovered, nothing could have been farther from the truth.

    To their astonishment, the satellite that Saman Kholdebarin and Lida Ramsey helped to develop was literally the size of a football. "I had no idea you could make these satellites so small," Kholdebarin said, recalling his surprise when his Goddard mentors explained the project to him. "I was astounded."

    The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named "Firefly." Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth — lightning — when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.

    Mystery Flashes

    Still from animation showing the Firefly satellite in orbit› View larger image
    Firefly satellite in orbit still from the animation. Credit: NASA
    Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.

    Using measurements gathered by Firefly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators — Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. — hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days.

    "The fact that they exist at all is amazing," said Rowland, who spearheaded the overall effort. "They shouldn't exist."

    The first hurdle to solving the mystery was building the spacecraft and its two experiment packages — all for the budgeted amount of less than one million dollars, which is about 100 times less expensive than what full-sized satellite missions normally cost. With help from about 15 students from the University of Maryland-College Park, Siena College in Loudonville, N.Y., and other universities, Rowland and the Firefly team designed and integrated the spacecraft and its instruments. The team expects to ship the completed satellite to the Air Force sometime this fall in preparation for a March 2011 launch. Once deployed in its low-Earth orbit, Firefly will provide at least three months of data, with a goal of up to one year to maximize student involvement in operations and data analysis.

    Bittersweet End

    Jennifer Williams and Robert Carroll, Undergraduate Physics Students at Siena College Loudonville, N.Y. work on instrument electronics for the Firefly mission.› View larger image
    Jennifer Williams and Robert Carroll, Undergraduate Physics Students at Siena College Loudonville, N.Y., work on instrument electronics for the Firefly mission.
    Work began on Firefly in 2008 shortly after NSF selected the mission concept for support under its CubeSat program, which launches mini satellites as stowaways aboard rockets carrying larger satellites in space, rather than requiring dedicated rocket launches. Firefly represents the second in a series of NSF-sponsored small satellites designed to study Earth's upper atmosphere.

    "We really are doing cutting-edge science," said Al Weatherwax, a Siena College professor who partnered with Rowland to win the NSF grant to develop the Firefly mission. "We got the right people and it worked out great. This is the most fun I've had. I'll be sad to see it end. We're already talking about our next bunch of CubeSats."

    Under the two-year collaboration, the Hawk Institute for Space Sciences provided the spacecraft, ground station testing, and flight software.

    Siena College built a number of spacecraft components, including one of Firefly's two experiment packages, the Very Low Frequency (VLF) receiver/photometer experiment. This experiment combines multiple sensors to measure both VLF radio waves and optical light emitted by lightning. These measurements will corroborate the occurrence of lightning when the spacecraft observes gamma-ray flashes. "As a college, we are able to take advantage of educational discounts," Weatherwax said, explaining how his team accomplished its assignment on a shoestring budget. "Commercial vendors either donated or reduced the price of key components."

    And the Goddard team built Firefly's Gamma-Ray Detector (GRD) instrument, which will measure the energy and arrival times of incoming X-ray and gamma-ray photons associated with TGFs. Although Goddard scientist Joanne Hill designed the instrument, she assigned Ramsey and Kholdebarin the task of designing, building, and testing the instrument's power supply board, a component that monitors voltage levels that run the detector. David Guzman, a Ph.D. student from the Universidad de Alcalá in Madrid, Spain, meanwhile, was tasked with applying his knowledge of computer microprocessors to possibly enhance the instrument's performance.

    Experience: A Confidence Builder

    Stock image of lightning› View large image
    An image of what Firefly will be studying in the coming months. Credit: stock.xchnge
    The experience was a memorable one for the trio. Both Ramsey and Kholdebarin agreed that their electrical-engineering classes taught them the basics of circuit electronics, but they learned through trial and error that it takes more than textbook knowledge to build a satellite component. Under certain applications, one circuit might work better with another, Kholdebarin discovered.

    "After doing this, I've become more confident," Ramsey added. "I can figure out anything after this. That's the best experience. You really can do a lot more than you think you're capable of."

    As for Guzman, who worked for the European Space Agency before beginning his graduate studies a few years ago, the project has revealed this much: "I hope to do a CubeSat in Spain some day."

    NASA and OPTIMUS PRIME Collaborate to Educate Youth


    New Video Contest To Raise Awareness Of NASA Technology

    OPTIMUS PRIME OPTIMUS PRIME image courtesy Hasbro. NASA has developed a contest to raise students' awareness of technology transfer efforts and how NASA technologies contribute to our everyday lives.

    NASA is collaborating with Hasbro using the correlation between the popular TRANSFORMERS brand, featuring its leader OPTIMUS PRIME, and spinoffs from NASA technologies created for aeronautics and space missions that are used here on Earth. The goal is to help students understand that NASA technology 'transforms' into things that are used daily. These 'transformed' technologies include water purifiers, medical imaging software, or fabric that protects against UV rays.

    The Innovative Partnerships Program Office at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., in conjunction with NASA's Office of Education, has designed a video contest for students from third to eighth grade. Each student, or group of students, will submit a three- to five-minute video on a selected NASA spinoff technology listed in the 2009 Spinoff publication. Videos must demonstrate an understanding of the NASA spinoff technology and the associated NASA mission, as well as the commercial application and public benefit associated with the “transformed” technology. Video entries are due by December 31.

    The videos will be posted on the NASA YouTube channel, and the public will be responsible for the first round of judging. The top five submissions from each of the two grade groups (third-fifth and sixth-eighth) will advance for final judging. A NASA panel will select a winning entry from each group, and the students will receive a glass OPTIMUS PRIME Spinoff Award at the Space Foundation's National Space Symposium in 2011. The innovators of the NASA technology highlighted in the winning videos also will receive trophies, along with their commercial partners.

    Tuesday, September 28, 2010

    Defense companies

    Defense companies are hoping someday to outfit soldiers with external skeletons that would bestow the wearer with superhuman capabilities.

    That day may still be years away, but Raytheon, one of the companies working on this technology for the Army, is riding the coattails of "Iron Man," which helped popularize the notion of such high-tech armored suits, to show off the prototype it's already created. The company Monday released a video featuring actor Clark Gregg, who plays Agent Phil Coulson in the movie version of "Iron Man," talking about the latest updates to the suit.
    Raytheon's second-generation exoskeleton (XOS 2), essentially a wearable robotics suit, was unveiled for the first time.
    Raytheon
    Raytheon's second-generation exoskeleton, essentially a wearable robotics suit, was unveiled recently at the company's Salt Lake City research facility. The suit is lighter, stronger and faster than its predecessor, yet it uses 50 percent less power.

    While such technology may not have quite the capabilities provided by the "Iron Man" suit of comic book fame, it does have similar goals of bestowing the wearer with superhuman strength. A video of the second-generation exoskeleton robotics suit shows a test engineer karate-chopping wood, performing push-ups and lifting weights.

    In reality, the main purpose of the suit is to enable soldiers to carry large amounts of weight on the battlefield.

    Raytheon officials say the suit could have two versions: a combat one that goes just from the legs down and would be used primarily to support a backpack, and a full-body logistics version, which would enable a soldier to carry even more supplies.

    Tuesday, April 27, 2010

    PMG Icon Posture and Mobility Group

    http://www.pmguk.co.uk/images/08logo.gif
    PMG Icon Posture and Mobility Group (PMG) was created to advance and disseminate knowledge about the posture and mobility needs of people with disabilities.
    PMG aims

    * to provide an umbrella organisation for communication within the fields of posture and wheeled mobility
    * to provide an interdisciplinary forum for continued education, research and debate
    * to promote high standards of service delivery
    * to encourage collaborative working between professionals in existing and evolving services

    PMG suffered a technical problem with the website recently and some data was lost. We are currently bringing the information on the site up to date so please bear with us; we apologise for any inconvience caused.


    4th International Conference on Posture and Wheeled Mobility, June 7th to 9th 2010

    For all information and to book your conference place go to

    www.mobility2010.org


    PRECONFERENCE TRAINING DAY, 6TH JUNE 2010

    See details of courses via www.mobility2010.org

    PM Group


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    PMG Marketing Solutions

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    environmental esuse

    Company Spirit
    The consistent principle of our company is to keep striving to satisfy customers' demands.
    Our target is aiming to be a global well-known manufacturer in automotive lighting industry.
    We will keep offering best service for you always.
    Company Profile

    Esuse Auto Parts is a professional automotive and motorcycle lighting manufacturer in Taiwan . With more than 20 years experience, we provide value, advance technique, innovation, quality and proven reliability to our customers. We dedicate and specialize in designing and manufacturing for auto lamps and we have standards procedures for our products, development and manufacturing. Our consistent principle is to keep striving to satisfy customer's demand.

    Our capability for quality and for controlling our business processes has been proven by certification according to ISO 9001. We are proud of our quality control and precise production and it ensures us to complete every mission and program can be done successfully. On the other hand, we have set our own laboratory to test, improve and verify our products with certain regulations like E-mark, SAE and JIS standards. We also have photometric lighting tester which enable us to create an excellent light pattern, where normally each basic light is offered a variety of patterns for all kind of lamps that you need and reach your high quality requirement.

    Our target is aiming to be a global well-know manufacturer in auto lamp industry. We are making progress now and we always believe in providing total solutions for all the lamps with cost-effective way , competitive advantage and excellent service then we will reach our target very soon. All of our staffs are eager to support you with all your needs in automotive & motorcycle lighting. We are not only making lamps for you but also taking care for your safety on the road!!!
    It's our passion and commitment to show the best products for you.

    Company name: Esuse Auto Parts MFG. CO., LTD.
    Address: No. 68-2, Fenliau Rd. , Linkou Shiang, Taipei county, Taiwan , R.O.C. 244
    Tel :
    + 886-2-2603-2788
    Fax: + 886-2-2603-2789
    Main products: Auto lighting:
    Automotive & Motorcycle Head light, Tail light, Signal light,Fog light/Driving/Spot light, LED light, Lighting accessories, Switch, Wire kit

    Company History
    Duration
    Description of Company Activity.

    1968-1971

    Establishment of Zhuancheng Corp.; capitat asset at USD 30,000.0 and we were engaged in designing and producing metal mould for local factories to run their production.
    1972-1977
    We started to develop the mould for metal stamping ,especially for the components of generator and the seats of automobile .
    1977-1984
    Started to develop & manufacture automotive lighting equipment for reflector of head lamp and fog lamp and processing child parts for customer.
    1984-1996
    Rename to Esuse Auto parts and increased the capital to USD 350,000.0 and started to produce complete head lamp and fog lamp for domestic & foreign after market.
    1996-2003
    Focused on OEM type fog lamp and universal fog lamp and supplied our product to car dealer and OEM production.( Toyota , Honda, Nissan…...)
    2003-2004
    Increased the capital investment to USD 1,700,000.0 and applied all kinds of vehicle safty standard for our product like E-mark, SAE....etc and applied for ISO 9001
    2004-2006
    Established our own laboratory and imported photometric machine, high-low temperature circulation machine and plastic injection machine to do self-test and become standard procedure to meet hight quality standard.
    2006-2007
    Started to control all the child parts to meet environment standard ROHS and start to produce LED product for signal/tail/stop light and interior LED light, third brake lamp.
    Company Facilities
    We have our own testing laboratories in order to let our products to be perfect quality.


    Plastic injection machine

    Leakage testing machine

    Optical testing machine

    4-D Robot glue machine

    Reports on Esuse Auto Parts Mfg. Co., Ltd.

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    Sunday, April 25, 2010

    srilanka pictures and image: asal ajith sameera reddy bhavana photos

    srilanka pictures and image: asal ajith sameera reddy bhavana photos

    Friday, April 2, 2010

    Facebook | Messages

    Facebook | Messages
    Blogged with the Flock Browser

    Tuesday, March 23, 2010

    රේණුකා හේරත්

    ජ. වි. පෙ. භීෂණ කාලයේදී මම අන්තිම කැමැත්තත් ලියුවා

    රේණුකා හේරත්ගේ ජීවිතයට එබී බැලීමක්

    ව ප‍්‍රථම අගමැතිනිය අප රටෙන් බිහිවූවත් සමස්තයක් ලෙස ගත් කළ ශී‍්‍ර ලාංකීය දේශපාලන ක්‍ෂේත‍්‍රය තුළ අදටත් කාන්තා නියෝජනය පවතිනුයේ සුළු වශයෙනි. ඒ සුළු කාන්තා නියෝජනයේ කැපී පෙනෙන කාන්තා දේශපාලන චරිතයක් ලෙස රේණුකා හේරත් හදුන්වාදිය හැකිය.

    අදටත් කි‍්‍රයාකාරී දේශපාලනයේ නිරතව ඇති ඇය එක්සත් ජාතික පක්‍ෂය අඛණ්ඩව නියෝජනය කරමින් මන්තී‍්‍රවරියක්, දිසා ඇමැතිවරියක්, කැබිනට් ඇමැතිවරියක් ලෙස කටයුතු කර ඇත. ඕ අද නුවරඑළිය දිස්ති‍්‍රක්කය නියෝජනය කරන එජාප මන්තී‍්‍රවරියක ලෙස පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ කටයුතු කරන්නීය.

    මෙවර ‘දිනමිණ’ ‘දියවන්නාවේ නෑදෑයෝ’ විශේෂාංගය සඳහා පාඨක ඔබට හමුවන්නේ මේ සුවිශේෂ දේශපාලන චරිතයයි. අපි රේණුකා හේරත්ගේ ජීවිතයට එබී බලමු.

    * අප ඔබව දන්නේ රේණුකා හේරත් නමින්. ඔබේ සම්පූර්ණ නම...?

    “මගේ සම්පූර්ණ නම දුනුතිලක මුදියන්සේලාගේ රේණුකා මැණිකේ හේරත්.”

    * ඔබේ උපන්දිනය කියන්න කැමැතිද?...?

    “ඕ... උපන් දිනය කිව්වොත් මිනිස්සු හිතයි වයස වැඩියි කියලා...”

    * ඒක ඔබේ කැමැත්ත. එහෙනම් අපට කියන්න ඔබේ මවුපියන් පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු...?

    “මගේ අප්පච්චිගේ නම ඩී. ඩී. එම්. හේරත්. අප්පච්චි විදුහල්පතිවරයෙක්. අම්මාගේ නම මුතුමැණිකේ සෝමාවතී. ඇය ගෘහණියක්. අපේ පවුලේ ඔක්කොම දරුවෝ හත් දෙනෙක් ඉඳලා තියෙනවා. තුන් දෙනෙක් කුඩා කාලයේදීම නැති වෙලා තියෙනවා. දැන් ඉන්නේ හතරදෙනයි. දැන් බලනකොට මම පවුලේ තුන්වෙනියා...”

    * ඔබ කුඩා කාලයේ අකුරු කෙළේ වලපනේද, එහෙම නැත්නම්...?

    “නෑ, මම ප‍්‍රථමයෙන් අකුරු කරවූයේ පදියපැලැල්ලේ කණිෂ්ඨ විද්‍යාලයෙන්. පදියපැලැල්ල මගේ අප්පච්චි උගන්වපු පාසලමයි. අපි හිටියේ පාසලේ නිල නිවාසේ. නිල නිවාසේ දොර ඇරපු ගමන් පාසල. ඉතින් කිසි කරදරයක් නෑ. පදියපැලැල්ලේ කණිෂ්ඨ විද්‍යාලයේ. අධ්‍යාපනය හැදෑරීමෙන් පස්සේ මම ගියා පදියපැලැල්ලේ මහා විද්‍යාලයට.

    ඉන්පසුව උසස් පෙළ කරන්න මම පොරමඩුල්ල මධ්‍ය මහා විද්‍යාලයට ඇතුල් වුණා. මම හරිම අකමැතියි ගෙදරින් පිට ගිහින්, හොස්ටල් එකක නැවතිලා ඉගෙන ගන්න. මගෙ මල්ලිත් එහෙමයි. හැබැයි අයියයි අක්කයි දෙන්නව අප්පච්චි හොස්ටල්වල දාලා බෝඩ් කරලා ඉගැන්වූවා...”

    * ඉස්සර කාලයේ කතාවක් තියෙනවා ගැහැනු අයට වැඩිදුර උගන්වන්න ඕනේ නෑ. ගෙදර වැඩට නවතින්න ඕනෑ කියා. ඔබේ පවුලෙත් ඒ මතය තිබුණද...?

    “නෑ. අපේ අප්පච්චි විදුහල්පතිවරයෙක් නේ. ඉතින් දරුවන්ට හොඳට උගන්වන්න ඕනෑ කියන මතයේ ඔහු හිටියා. මට හොඳට මතකයි අපේ අප්පච්චි කියනවා “කවදාහරි මගේ නම තියන්නේ පොඩි දුව තමයි” කියලා. ඇත්තෙන්ම මට හිතෙනවා මගේ අප්පච්චිගේ ඒ සිහිනය මම සැබෑ කළා කියා. අනෙක අපේ පවුලෙන්ම දේශපාලනය කරන්නේ මම විතරයි...”

    * පාසල් යන කාලේ ඔබට තියෙන්න ඇති හරි අපූරු සිතුවිලි. ඒ කියන්නේ කවදාහරි ලොකු වෙලා මෙහෙම කෙනෙක් වෙනවා කියලා ?

    විමල් - රේණුකා විවාහවූදා...

    “කුඩා කාලයේ සිටම මගේ සිතුවිල්ල වී තිබුණේ ලොකු වෙලා ගුරුවරියක් වෙනවා කියා. ඒ අපේ නිවෙසේ තිබෙන ගුරු පරිසරය නිසා වෙන්න ඇති. ඒ සිතුවිල්ල අනුව මම ගුරුවරියක් වුණා. පාසල් ගණනාවක මම ඉගැන්වූවා. 1970 වර්ෂයේ සිට 1974 වර්ෂය දක්වා මට හරියට විවිධ පාසල්වලට ස්ථාන මාරුවීම් ලැබුණා.

    ඒ හොඳටද – නරකටද කියලා කියන්න මම දන්නේ නෑ. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස කිව්වොත් මට මාරවීමක් ලැබෙනවා මුංවත්ත පාසලේ සිට කොටඹේ පාසලට. නැවත කොටඹේ පාසලේ සිට මාස 3ක් ඇතුළත මුංවත්ත පාසලට මාරුවීමක් ලැබෙනවා. එහෙම එහෙම මාරුවීම් රැසක් මට ලැබෙනවා...”

    * එහෙම මාරුවීම් ලැබෙන්නේ අප අසා ඇති පරිදි ගුරුවරියක් දේශපාලන කටයුතුවල කි‍්‍රයාකාරීව නිරත වුණොත්. ඒ කියන්නේ ඔබත් ඒ වන විට දේශපාලනය කරමින් සිටියේ...?

    “ඔව්... ඔව්... ඒ මාරුවීම් ලැබුණේ මම යූ. එන්. පී. කියලා. මොකද අපේ පවුලේ ඔක්කොම යූ. එන්. පී. නේ. ඒ දවස්වල වලපනේ එජාප සංවිධායකයා ලෙස හිටියේ රාමනායක මහත්තයා. අපි එයාට කියන්නේ රාමනායක අන්කල් කියලා. මම උගන්වන කාලේ එයත් එක්ක රැස්වීම් බලන්න යනවා.

    හැබැයි රැස්වීම්වල කතාකරලා නෑ. රාමනායක අන්කල් මට කිව්වා එජාපයට සම්බන්ධ කාන්තා සමිති ටික හදලා දෙන්න කියා. ඒ අනුව මම කාන්තා සමිති ටික හැදුවා. වලපනේ එජාප ගුරු සංගමය හැඳුවා. එදා මම තමයි වලපනේ ගුරු සංගමයේ ලේකම් වුණේ.

    පස්සේ නුවරඑළිය දිස්ති‍්‍රක් ගුරු සංගමය හැදුවා. ඒකේ සංවිධායක බවට මම පත් වුණා. එහෙත් මට කවදාවත් වලපනේ ගුරු සංගමය වලපනේට කැඳවාගන්න බෑ. මොකද බයයි. ඒ දවස්වල ශී‍්‍රලනිපයේ ටී. බී. එම්. හේරත් මහත්තයානේ වලපනේ හිටියේ. අපි එයාට බයයි. ඒ නිසා රැස්වීම තියන්නේ එක්කෝ නුවරඑළියේ, නැත්නම් නුවර. මට මේ සංවිධාන බිහි කරන්න ශක්තිය ආවේ මට කළ අර දේශපාලන පළිගැනීම්, ස්ථාන මාරුවීම් නිසා...”

    * අපි අහලා තියෙන විදියට ඔබේ දයාබර සැමියා ඔබට හමුවන්නෙත් පාසලේ උගන්වන කාලයේදීමයි. එහෙම නේද...?

    “පාසල්වලින් මාව මාරු කරලා මාරු කරලා අවසානයේ මම නැවැත ආවා මගේ අප්පච්චි උගන්නපු පදියපැලැල්ල විදුහලට. ඒ විදුහලටම දේශපාලන මාරුවීමක් ලැබිලා ඒ වෙනකොට මගේ මහත්තයත් ඇවිත් හිටියා. එතකොට එයා මගේ මහත්තයා නෙමෙයි. මොකද මැරි කරලා නෑනේ. අපි දෙන්නා අතර එහිදී සම්බන්ධයක් ඇතිවුණා. ඒ සම්බන්ධයේ ප‍්‍රතිඵලය තමයි මේ. (මන්තී‍්‍රවරිය අප අසල සිටින ඇගේ සැමියාව පෙන්වා හඬ නගා සිනාසෙයි.)

    * පාසල් දරුවන්ට ඉගැන්වීමෙන් ඔබ ලැබූ සුවිශේෂ යම් දෙයක් ඇද්ද...?

    “ඔව්... දරුවන්ට ඉගැන්වීමෙන් මම මගේ ජීවිතේ අසීමිත තෘප්තියක් ලැබුවා. මම ප‍්‍රථමයෙන් ඉංගී‍්‍රසි විෂයය ඉගැන්වූවේ. පසුව සිංහලත් ඉගැන්වූවා. මාව කොච්චර මාරුවීම්වලට ලක් කළත් මම දරුවන්ගෙන් පළිගත්තේ නෑ.

    මම හිතුවේ දරුවා පළි නෑ මගේ මාරුවීම්වලට. එහෙත් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් මම හිතුවොත් හිතුන දෙය කරන ගැහැනියක්. මම හිතාගත්තා එජාප ආණ්ඩුවක් එනකන් මම පාසලට අඳින්නේ සුදු සාරිය කියා. එදා ඉඳලා මම පාසලට ඇන්දේ සුදු සාරිය. 1977 ඡන්දෙන් අපි දිනලා පාර්ලිමේන්තු එනකම්ම මම ඇන්දේ සුදු පාට සාරිය. අන්තිමේ පාසලේ ළමයින් මට ‘සුදු ටීචර්’ කියා කියන්න පටන් ගත්තා...

    හිටපු ජනාධිපති ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන මහතා රේණුකාගේ දියණියට අකුරු කියවමින්...

    * දැන් කියන්න බලන්න ඔබේ සැමියා ගැන විස්තර...?

    “මගේ මහත්තයාගේ නම විමල් සිසිර බණ්ඩාර රණවීර. විමල්ගේ ගම ගලගෙදර. එයාත් දේශපාලන පළිගැනීමට ලක්වූ ගුරුවරයෙක්. මට හැම විෂයයක්ම උගන්වන්න පුළුවන්. ගැහැනු ළමයින්ගේ කී‍්‍රඩා කටයුතු මම කරනවා.

    පිරිමි ළමයින්ගේ කී‍්‍රඩා කටයුතු මහත්තයා කරනවා. අපි දෙන්නා අතර සම්බන්ධය තිබුණා. පාසලේ දී එය බොහොම පරිස්සමෙන්, කාටවත් නොදැනෙමින් තමයි තියාගත්තේ. මොකද ගුරුවරු කියන්නේ ආදර්ශවත් විය යුතු කොටසක්නේ...”

    * ‘ආදරය’ ගැන දෙන්නාගෙන් කවුද මුලින්ම ඇහුවේ...?

    (මන්ති‍්‍රවරිය සිය සැමියා අමතා) කවුද ඇහුවේ අනේ...?

    (මන්තී‍්‍රවරියගේ සැමියා) ඇහුවේ ඔයානේ... (දෙදෙනාම මහ හඩින් සිනාසේ) (මන්තී‍්‍රවරිය) දැක්කනේද දැක්කනේද ඒක හරි සීරියස්... එයාට.

    * එතකොට දෙන්නා විවාහ වන්නේ කවදාද...?

    “අප්පච්චියේ 1982 ඔක්තෝබර් 29 වැනිදා. මම පාර්ලිමේන්තුවටත් ආවට පස්සේ. එතකොට මම නුවරඑළිය දිසා ඇමැතිනී.

    * වලපනේ එජාප සංවිධායකවරිය ලෙස පත් කිරීමට යනකොට හිටපු ජනාධිපති ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන මහතා ඔබෙන් ප‍්‍රශ්න තුනක් ඇහුවා නේද? මතකද ඒ ප‍්‍රශ්න...?

    “මතකයි. ඒ මම ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන නායකතුමාගේ කැඳවීමකට වෝඩ් පෙදෙසේ එතුමාගේ නිවෙසට ගිය අවස්ථාවේ. එදා මම එහි ගියේ මගේ බාප්පා කෙනෙකු සහ මගේ අයියා සමඟ. එහිදී නායකතුමා මගෙන් ඇහුවා “රේණුකා දැන් ඔයා ගුරුවරියක් නේද? කියා. මම කිව්වා ‘ඔව් සර්’ කියා. “එතකොට දැන් ඔයා කැමැතිද දේශපාලනය කරන්න...” පෙරළා නායකතුමා මගෙන් ඇහුවා.

    “ඔව් සර් මගෙන් ජනතාව ඉල්ලීම් කරනවා. ලැබුණොත් කරනවා...” කියා මා කීවා.

    “හේරත් මහත්තයාගේ හැටි දන්නවනේ. හේරත් මහත්තයා ඔයාට ගැහුවොත්...?” නායකතුමා තවත් ප‍්‍රශ්නයක් ඇහුවා.

    “මට නිකම්ම ගහන්න ආවොත් මමත් ගහනවා...” කියා මම කීවා.

    “ඔයාට කඳු නඟින්න පුළුවන්ද? කඳුනේ තියෙන්නේ...” ජේ. ආර්. මහත්තයා යළිත් ප‍්‍රශ්න නැඟුවා.

    “පුළුවන් සර් කඳු නඟින්න.” මම එකවර කීවා.

    “ඔයා ඡන්දයෙන් පැරදුනොත්...” එතුමා යළි මගෙන් ඇහුවා.

    “සර්... මට ආපහු උගන්වන්න යන්න පුළුවන් වෙයිද?...” මම ඇහුවා.

    “අපොයි පුළුවන්...” එතුමා කීවා.

    “එහෙනම් මම උගන්වන්න යනවා” කියා මම එකවරම කීවා. ඔච්චරයි ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන මහත්තයා මගෙන් ඇහුවේ... දවස් තුනක් යනකොට මට සංවිධායක කම ලැබුණු ලිපිය ලැබුණා.

    * ඔබ නුවරඑළියේදී ප‍්‍රථමවරට මහජන රැස්වීමක් ඇමතූ රැළිය ඔබේ මතකයෙන් කවදාවත් ඈත් වෙන්නේ නැහැ නේද...?

    “ඒ රැස්වීම පැවැත්වුණේ නුවරඑළියේ කාර්ගීස් පිට්ටනියේ ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන නායකතුමාගේ ප‍්‍රධානත්වයෙන්. පාසලේ ළමයින්ට කතා කර තිබුණත් මම එවැනි විශාල සෙනඟකට කවදාවත් කතාකර තිබුණේ නෑ. එහිදී නායකතුමා කීවා ‘රේණුකා ඔයා අද කතා කරන්න ඕනෑ’ කියා. එකපාරට ම නිවේදකයා මගේ නම එනවුන්ස් කළා. මම නැගිට්ටේ මොනවද කතාකරන්නේ කියල හිතහිතා.

    මයික්‍රොෆෝනය, ළඟට ගිහිල්ල ‘ගරු නායකතුමනි’ කියල කිව්වා විතරයි අනේ අම්මේ කතා තමයි මට ආවා හෙණ හූවක් ‘රේණුකා අපට එපා’ කියලා. නායකතුමා මගේ දිහා බලලා ‘ඔයා දිගටම කතාකරන්න’ කියා කිව්වා. ඒ එක්කම නායකතුමා වේදිකාවේ හිටිය ගාමිණී දිසානායක මහත්තයාගේ පැත්තට හැරිලා ඇහුවා ‘ගාමිණී කවුද ඒ හූ කියන්නේ...” කියලා.

    කතාකරන්න වචන ගැට ගහගන්න බැරිව හිටපු මට ඉබේටම වචන ගලාගෙන ආවා. මම කීවා “ඔය හූ කියන අයට මම බය නෑ...” “මම වලපනේ ආසනේ තරග කරලා වලපනේ ජයග‍්‍රහණය කර පෙන්වනවා...” කියා එක දිගට විනාඩි 15ක් පමණ කතා කළා. කතාව දැන් මට නවත්තගන්න බෑ. කතා කරලා මම වාඩි වුණා. නායකතුමා මගේ පිටට තට්ටු කරලා ‘වෙරිගුඩ් රේණුකා’ කියලා කිව්වා...”

    * ඔබේ දරුවන් පිළිබඳව කතා කළොත්...?

    “අපේ දුව අපට ලැබුණේ 1985 ජූලි මාසයේ’ 18 වැනිදා (මෙම ලිපිය පළවන්නේ ඇයගේ දියණියගේ 24 වැනි උපන් දිනදීය.) ඇයගේ නම හිරන්‍යා දුලාංජලී දීප්ති මැණිකේ හේරත් රණවීර. ඇය දැනට ඔස්ටේ‍්‍රලියාවේ මොනෑස් සරසවියේ අධ්‍යාපන කටයුතු හදාරලා අවසන් කර මෑතකදී ශී‍්‍ර ලංකාවට එනවා.

    * හේරත් – රණවීර පවුලෙන් ඔබෙන් පසු දේශපාලනයට එක්කරන්න කවුරුවත් නැද්ද...?

    “එහෙම එකක් නෑ. දරුවාට අයිතියක් තියෙනවා එයාට කැමැති මාර්ගයක යන්න. එයා දේශපාලනය තෝරාගත්තොත් ඒකට අපි දෙන්නාගෙන්ම බාධකයක් නෑ. අපි ඒකට විරුද්ධ වන්නේ නැහැ.

    * 1988 – 89 කැලෑ නීතිය රජ කළ කාල වකවානුවේදී ඔබටත් විවිධ තර්ජන බාධකවලට මුහුණ දෙන්න සිදුවුණා. ඒ ගැන මතකය අවදි කළොත්...?

    සිය පවුල

    “ජේ. වී. පී. භීෂණ කාලයේදී මට සෑහෙන්න තර්ජන තිබුණා. මට විශේෂ හමුදා ආරක්ෂාවක් දී තිබුණා ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන මහත්තයා. ඒ ප‍්‍රදේශයේ ජේ. වී. පී. ප‍්‍රබල නායකයෙක් දවසක් අපේ ගෙදර ආවා. ඇවිත් කීවා “ඇමැතිතුමියව ජේ. වී. පී. එකෙන් මරන්න ඉන්නේ.

    එක්කෝ පිස්තෝලයෙන් වෙඩි තියයි, නැත්නම් බෝම්බ ගහයි. ඒකෙන් බේරෙන්න ඕනෑ නම් දේශපාලනයෙන් ඉල්ලා අස්වෙන්න.

    මම මේක කලින් කීවේ මැඩම්ට මට වගේ දරුවෙක් ඉන්න හන්දා. මේකට කල්පනා කරලා දවස් දෙකකින් මට උත්තරයක් දෙන්න” කියා ඔහු යන්න ගියා.

    ඔහු හරියට දවස් දෙකකින් ආවා. මම ඔහුට කිව්වා “මට පණිවිඩය දුන්නට ඔය මහත්තයට බොහොම ස්තුතියි. දැන් මම මැරෙන්න ලෑස්තියි” කියා.

    විශ්වාස කරන්න ජේ. වී. පී. භීෂණය නිසා මමත් මහත්තයත් අපි දෙන්නගේ අන්තිම කැමැති පත‍්‍රය ලිව්වා. ලියලා අපේ පවුලේ මිත‍්‍රයකුට සහ ඔහුගේ බිරියට මගේ දරුවාව බාර දුන්නා. අපි නැති වුණත් දරුවාගේ අනාගතය ආරක්‍ෂා වෙන විදියට.

    මම එහෙම කෙළේ වෙන දෙයකට නෙමෙයි. මම නැතිවුණොත් මගේ දරුවට පාඩු බව ඇත්ත. එහෙත් මම දේශපාලනය අතඇරියොත් වලපනේ, නුවරඑළිය දිස්ති‍්‍රක්කයේ දරුවෝ කී දෙනෙක් අතරමං වෙනවද? අම්මා තාත්තලා කීදෙනෙක් අනාථ වෙනවද? කාටද මේ මිනිස්සු ගිහින් කතා කරන්නේ, ජේ. වී. පී. එක මිනිස්සු මරණ කොට. කියන්න කෙනෙක් නෑ. මම ජනතාව වෙනුවෙන් මැරෙන්න ලෑස්තියි කියලා එදා මම ජේ. වී. පී. එකට කිව්වා...”

    * ඔබේ ලග්නය මොකක්ද?...?

    “මගේ ලග්නය ධනු. මගෙ ඉදිරි කාලය හොඳයි...”

    * නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රය පිළිබඳව ඔබ කොහොමද හිතන්නේ...?

    “නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රය අපි එච්චරම විශ්වාස කෙළේ නෑ. විවාහ වෙන කොටවත් අපි කේන්දර බැලුවේ නැහැ. එහෙත් මෑත යුගයේ පටන් අපි නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රය හරිය කියා තීරණය කර තිබෙනවා.

    ඒ මොකද මගේ දුව විදෙස් අධ්‍යාපනයක් සඳහා යන දිනය නිවැරැදිව නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රය ප‍්‍රකාශ කළා. ඒ කියමන අනුව ඒ දේ නිවැරැදිව සිදුවුණා. එයින් පසු අපි නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රය විශ්වාස කරනවා...”

    මගේ හඳහන බලා නක්‍ෂත‍්‍රකරුවෙක් මේ මෑතකදී ප‍්‍රකාශ කළා, ඔන්න දැන් යළිත් නැග්ම පටන්ගත්තා. දැන් නවත්වන්න බෑ කියලා. බලමුකෝ එහෙනම්... කියලා මම කිව්වා.

    * ඔබේ සිත්ගත්ම දේශපාලන නායකයා කවුද...?

    ජේ. ආර්. ජයවර්ධන මැතිතුමා. ඔහු තමයි මාව දේශපාලනයට ගත්තේ.

    * කිසියම්ම දවසක ඔබ දේශපාලනයෙන් සමුගත් පසු ඔබේ ජීවිතය කුමනාකාරයෙන් ගතකරන්නද බලාපොරොත්තුව.

    රේණුකා හේරත්ට පෞද්ගලික ජීවිතයක් නැහැ. මුළු ජීවිත කාලයම ගත කෙළේ දේශපාලනය වෙනුවෙන්. ඒක මට හිතාගන්නවත් බෑ. මම දේශපාලනයෙන් කිසියම්ම දවසක සමුගත්තත් ජනතාවට උදවු උපකාර කරන සමාජසේවා කටයුතුවල මම දිගටම නිරත වෙනවා. මට ජනතාව අතහැර, ඔවුන්ගෙන් තොරව ජීවත් වෙන්න අපහසුයි...”

    Tuesday, February 23, 2010






    Friday, January 8, 2010

    U.S. Government links farmers to new markets


    Farmers in Kebithigollewa, northern Anuradhapura District, are earning more money from their fruits and vegetables, thanks to an USAID project that linked farmers with new markets.

    The U.S Agency for International Development (USAID) has developed new markets for farmers in Kebithigollewa, Anuradhapura District to sell their produce, raising incomes for farmers and creating new long-term partnerships with Sri Lankan food companies.

    USAID, the development agency of the U.S. Government, rehabilitated the Ulpatha Fruit and Vegetable Collection Center, creating a central collection location for Kebithigollewa area farmers. USAID also linked local farmers with John Keells Supermarkets and Plenty Foods, providing technical training to prepare 200 farmers to sell directly to the companies. These new relationships have given farmers a stable market for their products at higher prices and have increased their incomes.

    Sunethra Priyaradshani, a benefiting farmer said, "There was an abundance of fruits and vegetables in our village, but we did not get a reasonable price for our produce from the middlemen. Thanks to USAID, now we get a better price for our yield."

    Rebecca Cohn, USAID Mission Director, noted the long-term benefit of this partnership. "USAID developed this new relationship between private sector companies and area farmers, and this partnership will continue after our project is completed. The improved Collection Center is reducing processing and transportation costs and increasing farmers’ incomes. Food companies have access to a consistent supply of quality produce, consumers have more choices, and farmers receive a stable, fair price for their fruits and vegetables. Everybody wins from this partnership."

    The Center is the first of its kind in the area, benefiting not only the participating farmers, but also the 3000 members of the Kebithigollewa Integrated Rural Development Organization (KIRDO) through increased revenues and training. "I see a major change in the thinking pattern of the farmers in the villages since USAID intervened to provide training and to encourage them to improve their income. I am grateful to USAID for helping the farmers of Kebithigollewa, in making their lives better," said U.P. Rajakaruna Basnayake, the head of KIRDO.

    The American people, through the U.S. Agency for International Development, have provided development and humanitarian assistance in developing countries worldwide for nearly 50 years. Since 1956, USAID/Sri Lanka has invested nearly $2 billion to benefit all the people of Sri Lanka.

    UN renews war crimes charges against Sri Lanka

    UN renews war crimes charges against Sri Lanka

    Sri Lanka has strongly opposed a move by the UN to reveal the findings of an analysis of the authenticity of the "Channel 4 videotape" containing footage from northern Sri Lanka during a special briefing at the UN on January 7.

    Foreign Secretary Romesh Jayasinghe has, in a communiqué to Professor Philip Alston, Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary, or Arbitrary Executions, requested him not to make a public statement without giving the Sri Lankan government adequate time to study what Alston called a technical note containing opinions expressed by three foreign experts retained by the UN.

    The controversial footage, allegedly taken by a soldier last January, was aired on August 25, 2009. Interestingly, Alston quoted Journalists for Democracy in Sri Lanka (JDS), widely believed to be based in Germany as his source which asserted that the video had been made last January.

    Based on the opinion obtained from experts in forensic pathology, Forensic video analysis, and firearm evidence, Alston informed the Sri Lankan government on Wednesday (January 6) of his decision to issue a public statement the following day.

    Emphasising that experts hired by him had invalidated most of the arguments of Sri Lankan experts, including two, who worked for the armed forces, Alston called for an independent inquiry into war crimes charges as well as other serious violations of international humanitarian and human rights law.

    Foreign Minister Rohitha Bogollagama told The Island that the government had received the technical note at 6.00 p.m. on Wednesday and it would be unreasonable to go public the following day before the Sri Lankan government could study the issue. Such a course of action would be unfair and considered another example of biased pre-judgement, the Minister said.

    ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙන් චන්ද්‍රිකාවක්‌

    අමල් උඩවත්ත
    http://blog.case.edu/james.chang/2006/09/01/orion_apollo.jpg
    "ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට චන්ද්‍රිකාවක්‌ නිපදවන්න හෝ මිල දී ගන්න හෝ හැකියාවක්‌ නෑ. හේතුව චන්ද්‍රිකාවක්‌ නිපදවීමටත් ගුවන්ගත කිරීමටත් අධික මුදලක්‌ වැය කිරීමට සිදු වනවා වගේම දැනුම තිබෙන මානව සම්පත්වල හිඟකමයි. මේ වගේ කටයුත්තක්‌ සිදු කිරීමට රජයේ පූර්ණ අනුග්‍රහය අත්‍යවශ්‍යයි. ඉන්දියාව ආර්ථික අපහසුතා තිබුණත් රාජ්‍ය අනුග්‍රහය ලැබුණු නිසා මේ අභියෝගය ජයගත්තා" යනුවෙන් මොරටුව විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයේ විද්යුත් හා විදුලි සන්දේශ අධ්‍යයනංශයේ ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨ කථිකාචාර්ය ආචාර්ය කිත්සිරි සමරසිංහ විදුසර සමග කළ සාකච්ඡාවක දී පැවසී ය.http://ovalscream.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/apollo-11-launch.jpg

    මෙහි දී තවදුරටත් අදහස්‌ දැක්‌වූ ආචාර්ය සමරසිංහ "ශ්‍රී ලංකාව හැරුණු කොට ආසියාවේ බොහෝ රටවලට අයත් චන්ද්‍රිකා හා අභ්‍යවකාශ වැඩසටහන් තිබෙනවා. මේ රටවල් චන්ද්‍රිකා තාක්‌ෂණයෙන් ලෝකය ජයගත්තේ අවුරුදු 10ක්‌ තරම් දිගු සාර්ථක අභ්‍යවකාශ වැඩසටහනක්‌ ක්‍රියාත්මක කළ නිසයි. ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ චන්ද්‍රිකා තාක්‌ෂණය දියුණු කරන්න කාලය දැන් ඇවිත්. ඒ සඳහා තිබෙන බාධක අදින් වසර 2කට පමණ පෙර රජයට ඉදිරිපත් කළා. වත්මන් රජය දැන් මේ පිළිබඳව අවධානය යොමු කරලා තිබෙනවා. ඒ නිසා විදුලි සංදේශ නියාමන කොමිෂන් සභාව සහභාගී කරවාගෙන පළමු අදියර සඳහා කළ සාකච්ඡා සාර්ථක වී තිබෙනවා.

    මෙහි දී එංගලන්තයේ සරේ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය සමග ක්‍රියාත්මක කරන්න බලාපොරොත්තු වෙන්නේ. මෙම වැඩසටහනේ ප්‍රධාන අරමුණ අනාගතයේ දී ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ චන්ද්‍රිකාවක්‌ නිර්මාණය කිරීමයි. රටකට මේක ලෙහෙසි පහසු කාර්යයක්‌ නො වෙයි. ඒ නිසා මුලින් ම කළ යුත්තේ සරේ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයට ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙන් පර්යේෂකයන් යවා දැනුම හා පුහුණුව ලබා දී ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට ගෙන්වා ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ විශ්වවිද්‍යාල මට්‌ටමෙන් පර්යේෂකයන් හා ගුරුවරුන් පුහුණු කිරීමයි. ඒ වගේ ම විදෙස්‌ රටවල චන්ද්‍රිකා පර්යේෂණ හා නිපදවන ආයතනවලට අපේ ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයින් යවා ඔවුන්ට උපාංග නිපදවීම පිළිබඳව අවබෝධයක්‌ ලබා දී ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුළ මේ උපාංග නිපදවීමේ කර්මාන්ත ආරම්භ කර ඒවා විදෙස්‌ ආයතවලට යවා ලැබෙන විදෙස්‌ විනිමය චන්ද්‍රිකා නිපදවීමට යෙදවීමයි.

    NASCAR Notables 2009

    2001-a-space-odyssey-9-160 copy

    ආසියාතික රටවල් චන්ද්‍රිකා තාක්‌ෂණයෙන් දියුණු වුණේ මේ ආකාරයටයි. ඒ වගේම අනිවාර්යයෙන් ම කළ යුතු දෙයක්‌ තමයි පාසල් ගුරුවරුන්ට මේ දැනුම ලබා දී පාසල් මට්‌ටමෙන් දරුවන්ට දැනුම ලබා දීමේ ක්‍රමවේදයක්‌ සකස්‌ කිරීම. මේ සඳහා සුදුසු ම ක්‍රමවේදය තමයි පාසල් විද්‍යා විෂය ධාරාවේ තාක්‍ෂණ විෂයට චන්ද්‍රිකා තාක්‍ෂණය විෂයයක්‌ ලෙස ඇතුළත් කිරීම. මේ සඳහා රාජ්‍ය අනුග්‍රහය ලබා දීම අත්‍යවශ්‍ය වන්නා සේ ම විදෙස්‌ ආයතනවල ද අනුග්‍රහය අවශ්‍ය වෙනවා. ඒ කියන්නේ විශ්වවිද්‍යාල මට්‌ටමෙන් මේ විෂය ක්‍ෂේත්‍රයේ ආචාර්යවරු පර්යේෂකයන් පුහුණු කළ යුතු සේ ම පාසල් ගුරුවරුන් ද පුහුණු කළ යුතුයි. මේ සඳහා වසර 10ක තරම් දිගු සාර්ථක වැඩසටහනක්‌ තිබිය යුතුයි. එහෙම වුණොත් ඉදිරි දිනක දී ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙන් චන්ද්‍රිකාවක්‌ නිර්මාණය කර ගුවන්ගත කිරීම අපහසු වෙන්නේ නෑ".

    Wednesday, January 6, 2010

    Bipasha Basu ,happy birthday to you

    http://bipashabasunet.com/cms/templates/bipasha_home/images/bipasha.jpg

    Bipasha Basu

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    Bipasha Basu

    Bipasha Basu at the launch of Filmfare cover issue in April 2009.
    Born January 7, 1979 (1979-01-07) (age 30)
    New Delhi, India
    Occupation Film actress, model
    Years active 2001 – present
    Domestic partner(s) John Abraham (2002 – present)
    Official website

    Bipasha Basu (Bengali: বিপাশা বসু, Hindi: बिपाषा बासु) (born 7 January 1979) is an Indian film actress who appears in Bollywood films and a former model. She was the winner of the Ford's Godrej Cinthol Supermodel contest for 1996 and is currently one of the mainstream actresses in Bollywood.

    Contents


    • 1 Early life
    • 2 Career
    • 3 Personal life
    • 4 Filmography
    • 5 See also
    • 6 References
    • 7 External links

    Early life

    Basu was born in New Delhi, India, to a Bengali family. She is the second of three daughters to her parents, the elder being Bidisha, and the younger—Vijayeta. Although she was born in New Delhi, her family later moved to Kolkata.

    According to her, she had come into modeling and acting quite by accident, because initially she had planned to study medicine.[1] Basu studied science till the 12th standard at Bhavan's Gangabux Kanoria Vidyamandir and later took up commerce at The Bhawanipur Gujarati Education Society College, an undergraduate college affiliated with the University of Calcutta. In Kolkata, she did modelling and rampshows partime. Although, as pointed above, she intended to become a doctor, her aversion for dissections made her opt for chartered accountancy.[2] However, in 1996, she met well-known model Mehr Jessia in Kolkata; the latter suggested that Basu take part in the Godrej Cinthol Supermodel contest. She eventually participated, and won the contest.[1]

    Career

    After winning the Ford Godrej Cinthol contest, Basu was flown to New York by the Ford Company, where she had a successful modelling career at the age of 17.[1]

    Basu made her film debut in Abbas Mustan's Ajnabee, with Akshay Kumar, Bobby Deol and Kareena Kapoor. She played a married woman who goes all out to woo her husband’s married friend, and eventually won the Filmfare Best Female Debut Award for her performance.

    In 2002, Basu starred in Telugu movie Takkari Donga opposite Tollywood superstar Mahesh Babu and Vikram Bhatt's thriller Raaz. Raaz was a big commercial success and surfaced as the biggest hit of that year.[3] For her performance in the film, she received her first Best Actress nomination at the Filmfare. One review in The Tribune noted, "...it is Bipasha Basu who steals the show with her fine performance."[4] She appeared as Sonia Khanna in the 2003 hit movie Jism alongside John Abraham. The movie earned her a Filmfare Best Villain Award nomination.

    Besides acting, Bips, as she is fondly called, did the famous video "Tu" for Sonu Nigam's album, Kismat back in her early days before she became an actress. She also made a guest appearance in Jay Sean's music video Stolen.[5]

    In 2006, she won popular acclaim for her performance in an Item number during the song Beedi in the film Omkara. The song was a national hit, and Basu's picturisation was appreciated.[6]

    In 2008 Basu starred in Race, her second collaboration with duo Abbas Mustan, with whom she debuted in Bollywood. Co-starring Saif Ali Khan, Akshaye Khanna, Anil Kapoor and Katrina Kaif, the film performed well at the box office, and Basu's performance was appreciated by critics. Taran Adarsh of indiaFM described her performance as "her best work so far. She’s superb".[7] She also received good reviews for her role in Bachna Ae Haseeno opposite Ranbir Kapoor. She completed the year by appearing in Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi in the song Phir Milenge Chalte Chalte.

    In 2009, Bipasha was rumored to sign onto her first Hollywood venture Chaimera alongside Billy Zane.[8]

    Personal life

    Basu with boyfriend John Abraham at the launch of the Filmfare magazine (2007).

    Basu is currently dating actor John Abraham.[9][10] The couple have been together since late 2002 and have been referred to as a supercouple in the Indian media.[11] She previously dated fellow Bollywood actor Dino Morea.[12]

    In 2006, Basu claimed to have been harassed by certain organizers of the India Day Parade in Edison, New Jersey. Basu was initially scheduled to lead the parade on 13 August 2006. Basu eventually appeared on stage late, according to her, because of the harassment. She said, "I wanted to attend the parade, but I could not." She explained that she was harassed physically and mentally in the car by two people who were taking her to the parade.[13]

    In 2005 and 2007, UK magazine Eastern Eye named Basu the "Sexiest Woman in Asia".[14]